Machine for sawing barrel-hoops



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. v J. O. BALLEW.

MACHINE FOR SAWING BARREL HOOPS.

I/VVENZ'OFBI I I U U i No. 455,980. Patented July 14,1891.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet vJ. G. BALLEW.

MACHINE FOR SAWING BAR-REL HOOPS.

Patented July 14,1891.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. 0. BALLEW. MACHINE FOR SAWING BARREL HOOPS.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN C. BALLEW, or EVANSVILLE, INDIANA.

MACHINE FOR SAWING BARREL-HOOPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 455,980, dated July 14, 1891. Application filed February 24, 1891. Serial No. 382,4A'7. (N0 model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN G. BALLEW, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Evansville, in the county of Vanderburgh and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Sawing Barrel-Hoops; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enaable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to band-saws especially adapted for the sawing of barrel-hoops from poles; and it consists in an improved construction and arrangement of the device for guiding the poles to be sawed into hoops by the band-saw. Of this class of band-saw machines there may be said to be two types' viz., one in which the saw runs through stationary guides in true alignment with the upper and lower band wheels or pulleys at all times, independent of the position or adjustment of the roller, which forms a lateral support and guide for the pole as it is fed through the machine to be sawed into hoops, and another type in which the band-saw guide is connected and combined with said pole-supporting guide or roller, so that that part of the saw which runs between its upper and lower guides and which does the cutting will be swerved or twisted by bending it laterally, so as to cause it to out into the pole or kerf in parallelism (or, about so) with the surface of the pole, this object being attained by making the saw-guides movable in their bearings and connecting them with the movable roller which guides and supports the poles laterally while they are passing through the machine. 7

I desire it to be distinctly understood at the outset that my invention relates to the first of these types, in which the saw-guides are stationary, so as not to laterally deflect or swerve the saw; and it consists in the improved construction of the mechanism for guiding the poles and aligning the band-saw with the band wheels or pulleys, which will be hereinafter set forth, whereby I produce a simple, strong,and efficient machine without the drawbacks incident to that type of machines in which the saw-blade is swerved or twisted, experience having amply demonstrated that this twisting or lateral. deflection of the saw is apt to cause frequent breakage of saws, owing to'the high rate of speed at which they are run through the guides.

On the accompanying thrcesheets of drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved machine. Fig. 2 is a similar View showing the machine from the opposite side.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional viewon a vertical plane through the middle of the ma-f Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the chine. mechanism for adjusting the vertical guideroller. Fig. 6 is asectional detail view of one of the saw-guide heads or bearings. Fig. 7 is a perspective detail view of one of said heads or bearings detached from the machine, and Fig. 8 is a detail view of one of my improved slotted guide-blocks removed from its head or bearing.

Like letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the figures.

The main frame of my improved machine con sists of a casting A, having an upper and lower arm A and A, projectingat right angles parallel to each other, said lower arm A having laterally-projecting slotted ears B, by means of which the frame may be securely bolted to the table of the band-saw. Both of the arms A and A are slotted longitudinally, as shown at a and, a", to receive the movable inside frame C, which, like the stationary main frame A, consists of a vertical back piece and two arms 0 and O, projecting.v

therefrom at right angles parallel to each other and having laterally-extending wings or flanges o, overlapping the slots in which this frame is inserted and slides, so as to form guides as the frame is moved forward or back. This forward or back motion (or adjustment) of the'frame 0 inside of the stationary frame A is effected by means of a screw D, having a hand-wheel at its outer end for manipulating it and working in a threaded bearing in the fixed part A. After the movable frame has been so adjusted that the wooden guide-blocks (to be hereinafter described and in which the saw runs) atits outer end are in proper alignment with the upper and lower band-wheels, the frame 0 is ICO locked in place either by means of 'a jam-. screw b, inserted through oneside of either one of the stationary arms A orA", so as to bind with its inner end against the corresponding sliding arm, or else by means oftwo bolts (shown at E) working through threaded bearings in the upright Aon opposite sides of the central'adjusting-screw D, said bolts being looked after adjustment by means of the lock-nuts e on the inner side ofupright A. I

The forward ends of the two arms 0 and G", which proj ect c beyond tlie'correspondi'ng' arms of the stationary frame, are bent laterally in horizontal planes to form bearings F and F for the heads which supportthe movn able frame that carries the'guide-roller and; also hold the wooden guide-blocks in 'position. One of these heads(both being constructed alike), is shown as it appears when removed from the machine in I i g..f/ and in section in Fig. 6, on reference to which figures? it will be seen that it consists of a casting G, havingatone end a projecting squaredneck: or tenon H, terminating in a screw-threaded bolt I. Theneck His of such siz anu shapethat it will fit into the squared recess f in its appropriate bearing F or F',and has later allyvprojecting shoulders h h, which 15 1 against the fixed bearing when the head is} placed in position and prevent itfrom moy-l ing vertically, and is fastened by lneans'of its appropriate nut J and washer In the front side of the head G, inalign ment with the square neck 11 audits shoulders or offsets h h, is cut a slot or longitudinal recess K, extending from top to 'bottom1- and intersected transversely and at right an: gles by a square aperture L, which forms a seat for the wooden guide-blocks M. These are simply blocks of wood of suitableleng'th and square in cross-section, so as tofitlo'os'ely into the recessesL, in which, after they have been first properly adjusted, they are held in, place removably by means of a bindingscrew 'N. s

Each of theguide-blocks M (of which there. is of course one for each of the heads G) has two'slots or kerfs m ateach end, inter-j secting each other at right angles, which: form the guides proper for the 'bandsaw which is shown at S. After onejof these guide-kerfs has been unduly enlargedby friction against the saw theposition of the block; may be changed by loosening'the binding-i screw N, so as to present a freshkerfi andasi there are four of these guide-'kerfs'in each block it will thus be seen" that (meet mly im proved blocks will outlast an ordinfary"block with a single guide slot or kerf,as one to four. Inotherwords,my-improved quadruple kerfed and reversible guideblock will l st as long as four of the ordinary si'ngle-kerfed block's, ordinarily used on band-saw guides.

Each of the heads G is castwith a. project- Z ing ear 0 on one side, whioh is bored through,j so as to form a journal for one of thepintles or gudgeons P of the vibrating inside frame Q, which carries the vertical guide-roller R. This-part of my improved machine is constructed and arranged to operate substantially like the same partin the machine for sawing barrel-hoops for which Letters Patent of the United States No. 372,446 were granted to me on November 1, 1887, with this important difference, however, that motion of this vibrating frame Q doesnotaffect the saw-guides or saw, as in the machine described and claimed in Patent No. 372,446, but the sawguides and the roller R, which guides the pole to be sawed into hoops, are entirely independent of each other, the saw-guides being stationary during the operation of the machine, While the roller is movable {as regards the position in which it is 'p'resented'to thesaw. This vertical roller R,whicl 1,1durng the op rat-ibn f e m iei o m a atera suppo Qr e 'r ns f he pq'le h. is e sf ol shth' 'mac ei i rn ated la'slidiirg header yoke T, mounted in the horiiziont illy swinging or oscillating frame Q,"tl 1e vpiiijtl'es I P of which are, as we have seen, LjQurnaled in the ears or 'beari'ngsOof the 'st ationa'ryfhead's G. The sliding yoke T is provided with a toothed rack 7", Figs, 4 and '5, with which meshes a pinion s,'fa'stehed upon, a shaft or spindle t, which is journaled transversely in theout'er frame Q This'spindle thas a small hand-wheel uifortu'rning it in order to advance or 'recede the yoke T,in

which roller R is journaled, and it also has'a small ratchet-wheel 'u, 'adaptedto engageand interlock with the teeth upon'a rack-bar wat the lower end of a bracket g, depending-"from the upper arm of frame Q, said'bracket forming one of the bearings for the adjustingshaft or spindle 25. 'mal position, its ratchet-wheel '0 will be in engagement'with the teeth of the rack-bar w, so that the spindle is held stationary and can- 'not be turned to either side; but by pulling hand-wheel u out from-the frame, so as to disengage the ratchet-w'heel'from the'bar and'at the same timeto bring the pinion sin engagement or mesh with the toothed rack r, the headT may bemoved forwarder back within the fr'ameQ, thereby adjusting the distance between the saw and the vertical guide-roller I R, so as to regulatethe thickness of 'thehoop by increasing ordiminishingthe distance between the sawand "said "guide-roller -It will'befseen that after this roller has been properly adjusted and locked its distance 'from the saw cannot vary, except to theslight gextent afforded by the oscillations of frame ,Q-that is to'say, theafxis ofroller Rjwill'aL ,waysmftinfiain thejsame position in a plane perp nd c r wa par l wi ht estawib1'a e,'bu may. yield (with ut c ang ng, this ipb itiqn) to'pre'ss' re aga nst the p r ph ry of thejroller'by swingingslight y W F i SYQ T and frame Q upon the pintles P 'P in "an arc of which a line drawn through the axis of said pintles will form the center. This When this spindle is in'its'noryielding or deflection of the roller is sufficient to permit a sinuous or irregular pole to pass through the machine without deflecting the saw, and after a knot or other unevenness has been passed the roller will at once'resume its normal position. In other words, instead of swerving or deflecting the saw I swerve or deflect the roller without in the least affecting the saw and only sufficient to allowknotsor irregular places on the pole to pass between the saw and the guide-roller, so that the body of the hoop will be of even thickness from end to end. To permit frame Q to yield in this manner its rearward part is provided with two springs W attached thereto at opposite sides, and connected at their free ends by swivels X to thumb-screws Y, which work in bearings in an arm Z, fastened adj ustably upon and at right angles to the upright O. This arm is bent at right angles to form. an elbow Z at one end, to the outer end of which one of the springs W is attached by its swivel X, and the tension of the springs may be regulated at will by adjusting the thumb-screws Y, and

also to a certain extent by the adjustment of arm Z upon the upright O, the fastening-bolt z passing through an oblong slot in the arm, so that by loosening said bolt the position of arm Z Z upon the upright C may be shifted so as to bring both springs in their proper and most effective position relative to frame Q. The tension of these springs should be so adjusted that the oscillating frame with its roller will always of itself assume its normal position relative to the saw after it has been moved by the passage of knots or protuberances on a pole passing between the saw and the roller.

In this class of machines it is of very great importance, in orderto obtain satisfactory results, that the saw be kept free from the gum and sap which exudes from the poles during the process of sawing, and which, if not removed, will soon gum up the saw so that it cannot pass through the guide-kerfs or through the kerf in the pole without considerable friction, which not only retards motion,

but is apt to heat and break the saw. Appreshown) near its outer end on the side facing the saw, so that it will spray a jet of hOt'Wtter against the saw-blade before this enters the kerf in the upper fixed guide-block, and therebywash off the sap and gum, so as'to present a clean and bright cutting-edge to the pole and clean sides to the guides through which it passes, thereby reducing friction and 'be renewed or adjusted at any time, as occasion requires, without disturbing the main frame. The thickness of the hoop may be gaged by regulating the distance between the axis of the roller R and the cutting-edge of the saw simply by moving the yoke or frame T, in which the roller is journaled,forward or back within frame Q by means of the adj usting-wheel u and spindle t, as hereinbefore described. After the roller has been locked in its adjusted position the thickness of the hoop will not vary, as the roller will yield only to crookedness or unevenness in the pole and will resume its normal position after such crookedness or sinuosities have passed by the roller. Y

Having in the foregoing. clearly described my improved machine, I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, the following:

1. The combination of the band-saw, the

exterior stationary frame bolted to the sawtable, the inside frame sliding in Ways in the exterior stationary frame and provided at its outer ends with bearings, the saw guides seated therein, the screw for adjusting said inside frame, and means, substantially asdescribed, for locking said frame in its adj usted position after proper alignment of the saw and its guides.

2. The combination of the adjustable frame having bearings F F, slotted heads G, having shoulders h, square neck H, and bolt I, and provided with binding-screws N, and removable slotted guide-blocks M, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the adjustable frame having bearings F F, slotted heads G, provided with lugs O, projecting tenons H, with shoulders h h and screw-threaded bolt I, frame Q, journaled at its forward end\ in said bearings, yoke or frame T, adjustable within the last-named frame and carrying the guideroller R, and springs W, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

I JOHN C. BALLEW. Witnesses:

CHARLES H. THUMAN, WM. WENDT. 

